Process of utilizing the intestines of hogs.



No. 69!,505. Patented Ian. 2|, I902.

P. F. TURNER.

PROCESS OF UTILIZING THE INTESTINES 0F HUGS.

(Application filed Aug. 28, 1901.)

( No Model.)

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PETER F. TURNER, oF'oi-noAeo, ILLiNois.

PROCESS;OF/UTILIZING THEV'INTEISTITINESTOF Hoes.

srnctmca'rlon forming part of was Patent No. 691,505, dated .ranuai 'ai,1902.

application filed August28,190,1. seawater- 45. (Nospeciinena) To a,whont it may concern: 7

cago, in the county of-Cook and State of -Illi-.

nois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Processes ofUtilizing the Intestines of Hogs, 'of which the following is a Myinvention relatesto the use of the intestines of. hogs andtheapplication of certain processes thereto whereby the same may be-'come useful for the, manufacture of strings,

bands, belts, and thelike. Heretofore intestines of sheep and lambs havebeen used-for this purpose and also theintestines of beef, as setforthin my prior patent, No.'22l,199, of November 4, 1879; but the propermeans for using the intestines ofhogs have not yet been at the disposalof the public.

I have illustrated diagrammatically, as it vation of an apparatus forcleaning and scraping the strips. Fig. ais a side elevation of asomewhat similar apparatus designed to scrape and stretch theintestine-sections.

Ais a curved or knife-shaped piece of wood, having arranged therein theknife B, provided with the tip 0. The intestine is threaded upon thistip and forced past the knife, the

piece A being shaped to accommodate itself to the natural curveof theintestine. The intestine may be drawn by hand forward againstthe knife.Theinner side of the intestine, or that portion on which the fatadheres, lies upon the convex side of the strip D,'while the outerportion of the intestine lies upon the sideE. A different tension isapplied to the two parts. Thus the part F of the intestine is drawn moreslowly than the part G, because of the greater elasticity ofthe latterpart. By arranging any desired number of knives B in proper relation toeach other the intestines can be cut into a series of strips.

The strips are then placed in the tank H and drawn across the table Junder the scraping and cleaning knives K K on the rotating shaft L. Theyare drawn forward by means of. the rollers M M. A'fterthis proc-r essthey are subjected to what is called hand-scraping. They are scraped byhand either \vith'the bare hand or'with a rude and simple scraping-tool-to further clear them from adheringsubstances. They are then placed onthe table N, being drawn forward therealong by means of the rollers O 0.They are drawn under the knife or scraping-piece" P, which 'iselastically pressed against the table by means of the spring R. Thisknife P tends to further clean the intestine portions and at the sametime to stretch them, for it elastically holds vthem down upon the tableas the rollers O O pull the sectionsforward.

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It is obvi'ousthat these several pieces of apparatus may be greatlyvaried without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I havesimply shown them, as it were, diagrammatically.

The intestines of hogs are received from theslaughtering-houses in .acomparatively clean condition.

ter through the fatty portion which commonly adheres to such intestines.accomplished by any desired means; They may be split by more than onecutting, so as to form a series of long, thin, narrow strips. In doingthis-each stripor cutting must be drawn forward against the knifeby-adifferent tension, because of the different elasticity of the differentsections of the intestine. This cutting constitutes the first step inthe process. This is conveniently accomplished by thedevicesillustratedthe'seriesof rotating knives, in conjunction with therollers. By this means the heavy substances are removed, as well as theinner membranes, where the same are necessary to be removed. This is aquick process and preferably accomplished soon after the splitting. Thehand-scraping then ensues. This is an elastic treatment and calculatedto give to each piece thepeculiar scraping and cleaning treatment whichit may require.

in a solution which preferably contains some soda, the purpose of whichis to soften and toughen and take out the disposition of the strips orsections of theintestines to stretch. These operations are further aidedby the They are taken and split length-, wise on a line at a right angleto the diaimei The splitting is- They are now cleaned by scraping.

The pieces are then immersed cleaning and stretching device illustratedor some similar apparatus which may be substituted for it. The sectionsof the intestines are drawn forward over the table by means of rollersand under an elastic scraper. The next step is to cut them into properlengths and sort them to bring together the sections of the samecharacter. These sections are now twisted or spun together, and it willbe found that a. string-for example, for a musical instrument of acertain desired thickness and strengthcan be produced by using fewerstrands than is the case with the intestines of sheep and lambs. Up tothis time and during the several steps of the process-the intestineshave always been moist. They are now stretched on a frame and dried.

Afterthis process has been completed they.

are preferably polished and oiled by stretching them or turning themwhile stretched and running emery paper and oil over them in any desiredmanner. They are then coiled and are ready to be boxed. It is notnecessary to apply all of these processes to the intestines of hogs tocompletely fit them for diiferent uses; but to make fine strings formusical instruments all the steps are to be complied with. A coarserstring for tennisrackets and the like can be produced by suppressingsome of the later steps in the process.

By the method of treatment of intestines of hogs herein described I amenabled to make a string of a given thickness with fewer strands. orstrips than heretofore used in the making of strings of the given sizefrom the intestines of other animals.

I claim- 1. The process of producing instrumentstrings from'theintestines of hogs, which consists in taking the'uncleaned intestines ofhogs and splitting them into strips of rclatively large cross-section bydrawing the intestines, by unequal tensions applied to the severalstrips, against the cutting device,

drawing them by a yielding tension under lengths and sorting them, andthen taking a relatively small number of strips or strands in proportiontothe cross-section of the string to be made, and twisting or spinningthemtogether, then stretching; drying and finishing', substantially asdescribed.

2. The process of manufacturing instrumentstrings from the intestines ofhogs, which consists in forming from the intestines of a hog a series ofrelatively thick or heavy strips, forming them into properly-shapedstrings or strands and spinning or twisting them together so as to forman instrumentstring of a series of relatively heavy strands, said stringhaving fewer strands in proportion to its cross-section than is the casewith strings made from the intestines of other animals.

PETER F. TURNER.

